Attitude of farmers of their level of involvement in. Agricultural extension services include transferring knowledge to farmers, advising and educating farmers in. Relative to other african countries, agricultural research in ethiopia is quite young. Agricultural education is an important component in the rural development of ethiopia. A local average treatment effect late technique bola amoke awotide1, aliou diagne2 and b. The state of agricultural extension services in ethiopia and their contribution to agricultural productivity guush berhane, catherine ragasa, gashaw t. Course guideaem 301introduction to agricultural extension andrural sociologycourse developerwriter dr.
Seed, fertilizer, and agricultural extension in ethiopia. Productivity and efficiency of agricultural extension package in ethiopia by gezahegn ayele, mekonnen bekele and samia zekeria the ethiopian the ethiopian development research institute development research institutedevelopment research institute edriedriedri research report 5 addis ababa, ethiopia june, 2006. The result of the analysis revealed that fhhs are less educated and relatively poor in endowment of crucial resources such as land, livestock and labor. Aec 2012 impact of improved agricultural technology. Though extension was practiced for many years in ethiopia, it is recently that smallscale farmers have got attention. The case of participatory demonstration and training extension system article pdf available in journal of social development in africa 181. This study deals with gender analysis in agriculture. A study of the development impact of the miessodangago road.
Enset is a perennial, herbaceous and long broad leaves endemic root crop plant to ethiopia, which belongs to a. The state of agricultural extension services in ethiopia and their contribution to agricultural productivity. Socioeconomic context and role of agriculture the federal democratic republic of ethiopia is a landlocked country in the horn of africa and is one of the most biologically and culturally diverse countries on the continent. The results show that the strengthening of extension services had a positive impact on economic participation in the household, land area cultivated, and adoption of marketable crops, suggesting that access to extension helped farmers switch to more commercial, marketoriented agriculture. The program, financed on the basis of this agreement, has been under implementation in 96 high potential agriculture. Are rural youth in ethiopia abandoning agriculture. Highlevel agricultural manpower training in ethiopian institutions of higher education aihespecializing in agriculture and related fields was studied. First of all, ethiopian solutions must be thought of by ethiopians. Km, of which 65% is arable population is over 80 million altitude ranges from 126 mas denakel area, inf qafar to 4620 masl ras dashen, northwest. Linkage of higher education with agricultural research.
Madagascar, in ethiopia, samuel 2006 found that farmers are too reluctant to use chemical fertilizer as they believe it will damage the crop due to the erratic rain fall nature. Agricultural extension also known as agricultural advisory services plays a crucial role in boosting agricultural productivity, increasing food security, improving rural livelihoods, and promoting agriculture as an engine of propoor economic growth. Agricultural research started with the establishment of the ambo and jimma colleges of agriculture in 1947 and the imperial college of agriculture and mechanical arts todays alemaya university in 1953. Policy research institute ifpri, essp ii works closely with the government of ethiopia, the. There is an evident dichotomy in many rural development policies in the world between extension driven adoption of modern inputs and community. Speaking at a workshop organized for the launching of the strategy for stakeholders, agriculture. Cheesman is a major multipurpose crop in ethiopia, which has been identified as the center of origin and diversity of enset 5, 11. Agricultural extension in ethiopia through a gender and. Productivity and efficiency of agricultural extension. Agricultural extension and its impact on food crop.
There are a few assumptions as to why agricultural extension in ethiopia is simultaneously employing. Agriculture in ethiopia is the foundation of the countrys economy, accounting for half of gross domestic product gdp, 83. Gender disparity in the utilization of agricultural. Addis ababa march 202017 ethiopia has launched its first agricultural extension strategy today. The establishment of the land grant college at haramaya the then alemaya college of agriculture and mechanical arts, agricultural technical schools ambo and jimma as well as area development projects such as ardu, wadu and cadu, and the regular extension activities under the ministry of agriculture are the main developments in the history of agricultural extension in ethiopia. Abstract the overriding purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamic impacts of agricultural extension in ethiopia. Socioeconomic context and role of agriculture ethiopia. Review on role and challenges of agricultural extension.
Ethiopian economic association ethiopian economic policy research institute, c2006. Seed, fertilizer, and agricultural extension in ethiopia david j. Extension system and to identify the most important barriers to the adoption of modem agricultural inputs. It imperative in the development and utilization of the knowledge, skills, attitudes and the general potential of human resource of the country to improve productivity of agriculture. Research and developments issues do not function in vacuum. Agricultural extension in ethiopia there is ample evidenceas agriculture has been practiced in the nile basin du ring the 10th millennium b. Using agriculture extension agents to promote nutrition. As a rural development instrument, communication holds great promise for serving those in. Goal of ethiopias extension system contribute significantly to the attainment of food and nutrition security, poverty reduction and wealth creation in the country through adoption and adaptation of improved technologies by delivering marketoriented, demanddriven and pluralistic extension services. At that time there were about 15,000 extension workers in ethiopia. Population growth and cultivated land in rural ethiopia. Agricultural research and development in ethiopia by efrem bechere phd texas tech university table of contents 1. As the state owns all land in ethiopia, rural residents have been guaranteed access to land through a law that grants them a right to obtain agricultural land for free.
Dynamic impacts of agricultural extension program in. Omonona3 1,3 department of agricultural economics, university of ibadan, nigeria 2leader, impact assessment and policy unit, africa rice centre, cotonou, benin republic. Data were collected from proportionally selected 109 mhhs and 36 fhhs. Salawu abubakar tafawa balewa university, bauchicourse editor professor s. Adedoyin college of agricultural science olabisi onabanjo university yewa campus, ayetoro ogun.
With a population of about 92 million, ethiopia is the second most populous country in subsaharan africa. These extension approaches have been pushing in one way or another for increased use of chemical fertilizers to increase crop yield. The state of agricultural extension services in ethiopia. So far, the extension system in ethiopia is unable to address the cultural taboos against the participation of female farmers in ploughing and sowing, which subsequently reduces the rigid division of labor both at the household and field levels earo, 2000. The future of ethiopias agriculture monday, 21 december 2015 09. Seed, fertilizer, and agricultural extension in ethiopia summary of essp ii working paper 20, seed, fertilizer, and agricultural extension in ethiopia ethiopia strategy support program essp ii research note 12 in spite of nearly two decades of policies that placed high. Extension provides a critical support service for rural producers meeting the new challenges. Pdf agricultural extension in ethiopia through a gender. Analysis of farmers participation in public agricultural.
History of agricultural extension in the world and in africa 1. The current national agricultural research system 4. Indepth assessment of the public agricultural extension. In october 2010, a fiveyear agricultural growth program agp i was signed between the government of ethiopia goe, and the world bank ida including other development partners. Review on role and challenges of agricultural extension service on farm productivity in ethiopia int. Are agricultural extension packages what ethiopian. The political economy of agricultural extension policy in. Haramaya university, department of rural development and agricultural extension, haramaya, ethiopia. The main derive here is the impact analysis of extension participation on income and income diversification of rural households. Studies show that ethiopia has the largest agricultural extension system in subsaharan africa, and third largest in the world after china and india swanson and rajalahti, 2010. However, ethiopias agriculture is characterized by a very low productivity. Agricultural extension for enhancing production and.
The study assessed strengths and constraints in the fieldlevel extension system, the atvet system, and. For outcomes from agricultural research to bring about meaningful development in ethiopia, these issues, among many others, need to be addressed by the current and future ethiopian governments. Implications of an extension package approach for farmers. Factors affecting agricultural extension for agricultural technology distribution and adoption 1. Indigenous knowledge of enset ensete ventricosum welw. Most importantly, the program is the main vehicle for achieving the ethiopia. Background agricultural research in ethiopia began in jimma and ambo in 1952 and was extended to the then college of agriculture at alemaya in 1957 and later in 1965 included debre zeit.
The maize extension package in southwestern ethiopia negussie efa ethiopian agricultural research organization jima research centre p. Currently, therefore, ethiopia could account for anything up to 25% of all the extension workers in subsaharan africa and this figure could rise to 30% when the targeted staffing equating to 6066,000 workers in post is achieved. Agricultural extension work in ethiopia began in 1931 with the establishment of the. Ilri workshop, march 1416, addis ababa, ethiopia page 5 i. In line with this, several attempts have been made to improve the effectiveness of agricultural research at both the national and regional levels and various approaches.
For content validi currently, the paes has adopted a participatory demonstration and training extension system. The majority of the youth in ethiopia live in rural areas where farming has been traditionally the main livelihood of the people. History of agricultural extension in the world and in africa. The study reveals that highlevel agricultural manpower training began in the early 1950s and that, at present, the country has seven institutions of higher learning, which train students in agriculture and related fields. The impact of strengthening agricultural extension. Pdf on jul 3, 2019, million gebreyes and others published ict for agricultural extension in ethiopia find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Background 3 ethiopian development strategy 9adli is a national policy basis for ethiopias development 9land and human labor is considered key factors 9water is considered as a third pillar for development 9other capitals are scarce in most cases achieving goals is a challenge. Factors affecting agricultural extension for agricultural. This analyzed paper the nexus between population growth and cultivated land with the main emphasis on access to farmla nd, farm size and. Analysis of farmers participation in public agricultural extension services. Sustainable agricultural practices and agricultural productivity in ethiopia.
Ethiopian development research institute edri, and other development partners to provide. Implications of an extension package approach for farmers indigenous knowledge. In ethiopia, public agricultural extension service paes has a history of more than sixty years, and is entrusted to bring about meaningful change to farmers. Evaluation of the ethiopian agricultural extension with particular emphasis on the participatory demonstration and training extension system padetes. Evaluation of the ethiopian agricultural extension with. The health extension program is a flagship of the ethiopian health sector development program. This study aimed at understanding the impact of extension on the livelihood of farming communities and diversity of local crop varieties in guduru district, east wollega zone of oromiya regional state. Roles, constraints and opportunities of small scale. Section n provides a brief discussion on the method ofdata collection and the study areas. In ethiopia, public agricultural extension services have been in action for about half a century.
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